Justice League: Director's Cut (2021)

Ben AffleckBatman / Bruce Wayne Henry CavillSuperman / Clark Kent Gal GadotWonder Woman / Diana Prince Ray FisherCyborg / Victor Stone Jason MomoaAquaman / Arthur Curry Ezra MillerThe Flash / Barry Allen Ciarán HindsSteppenwolf (voice) Amy AdamsLois Lane Willem DafoeVulko Jeremy IronsAlfred Jesse EisenbergLex Luthor Diane LaneMartha Kent Connie NielsenQueen Hippolyta J.K. SimmonsCommissioner Gordon Ryan ZhengRyan Choi Amber HeardMera Joe MortonSilas Stone Lisa Loven KongsliMenalippe David ThewlisAres Ann OgbomoPhilippus Ágústa Eva ErlendsdóttirYoung Icelandic Woman Björt SigfinnsdóttirYoung Icelandic Woman Salome R. GunnarsdottirSinging Icelandic Woman Kristbjörg KjeldOld Icelandic Woman Ingvar E. SigurðssonMayor Védís VífilsdóttirIcelandic Child (Girl) Snæfríður Rán AðalsteinsIcelandic Child (Girl) Marc McClureJerry Michael McElhattonBlack Clad Alpha John DagleishBlack Clad Beta Charlotte ComerSchool Chaperone Lara DecaroSchool Girl Serene AngusSchool Girl's Friend Anna BurgessSchool Girl's Friend Mia BurgessSchool Girl's Friend Alison ChangSchool Girl's Friend Constance BoleSchool Girl's Friend Shahla AyamahSchool Girl's Friend Chris CourtenayOld Bailey Judge Heather ImbeahOld Bailey Clerk Carla TurnerSchool Teacher Grace Cookey-GamOld Bailey Lawyer Matthew BatesOld Bailey Hostage Gary ReimerTask Force Sniper Robbie GeeTask Force Lead Jim SturgeonTask Force Deputy Doutzen KroesVenelia Eleanor MatsuuraEpone Samantha WinEuboea Brooke EncePenthiselea Anthony WiseHoward the Janitor Jérôme PradonLouvre Conservationist Richard CliffordFrench Archaeologist Rebecca C. PerfectNews Reporter at Isle of Crete Vincent RiottaCID Chief Detective Edward MitchellCID Officer Mark ArnoldContainment Centre Scientist Martin TroakesWelsh Tavern Barkeep Peter GuinnessDeSaad (voice) Sergi ConstanceZeus Aurore LauzeralArtemis Julian Lewis JonesAncient Atlantean King Ray PorterDarkseid (voice) Francis MageeAncient King of Men Hari JamesAntiope's Crew Kiersey ClemonsIris West Lucy BriersDog Day Care Owner David MaraProduce Truck Driver Wil CobanTortured Atlantean Soldier Stewart AlexanderCollege Dean Karen BrysonElinore Stone Christy MeyerEmergency Room Doctor C. Amanda MaudWaitress Granville SaxtonHomeless Man Gianpiero CognoliCentral City Prison Guard Kobna Holdbrook-SmithDetective Crispus Allen Kevin MathurinSketch Witness Joyce VehearyGotham Cop Taylor JamesAtlantean Military Messenger Hadrian HowardAtlantean General Victor GardenerAtlantean General #2 Bruce ChongAtlantean General #3 Orion LeeStar Labs Scientist Oliver GatzStar Labs Scientist Rachel BlenkironStar Labs Scientist Lynne Anne RodgersStar Labs Cleaning Staff Oliver PowellStar Labs Cleaning Staff Kelly BurkeAir Force Security Keith SimpsonAir Force Security Omri RoseMoonsuit Soldier Harry LennixGeneral Calvin Swanwick / Martian Manhunter Will AustinMP Guard William AtkinsonMilitary Police Sam BenjaminMilitary Police Shalini PeirisBio Hazard Suit Soldier Carla GuginoShip Voice (voice) Russell CroweJor-El (voice) Adam FormanPickup Truck Driver Peter BrookeDefense Department Official Peter HendersonBald Inmate Bruce Lester-JohnsonPrison Guard Katia ElizarovaLex's Guard Gemma RefoufiLex's Guard Leila ReidLex's Guard Suan-Li OngLex's Guard Tina BalthazarLex's Guard Penny LaneLex's Guard Jared LetoThe Joker Stephanie Haymes-RovenAmazon Cavalry General Gary A. HeckerCreature Vocals (voice) Steve WestMoBo Priest Laura WaddellMoBo Priest #2 Kevin CostnerJonathan Kent (voice) (uncredited) Swaylee LoughnaneCop (uncredited) Robin WrightAntiope (uncredited) Billy CrudupHenry Allen (uncredited) Zack SnyderMan in Coffee Shop (uncredited) Clem SoArmies of Men Mongolian Warlord (uncredited) Greg DravenViking (uncredited) Joe ManganielloSlade Wilson / Deathstroke (uncredited) Nick McKinlessAres Body Double (uncredited) Craig DouglasPoliceman London (Uncredited) Tineke Ann RobsonAmazonian Warrior (uncredited)

Abigail CattoSecond Assistant "A" Camera · Camera Adam BakerLighting Programmer · Lighting Adam BasilStunts · Crew Adam BowmanStunts · Crew Adam DeCosterFoley Artist · Sound Adeline PizzatoVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Aditya MenonVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Adrian LiedtkeCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Adrian McGawStunts · Crew Alan MeyersonScoring Mixer · Sound Alan OrmrodStunts · Crew Albert ValladaresStunts · Crew Aldonio Danny FrietasStunts · Crew Alec GeldartMatte Painter · Visual Effects Alex KingPicture Car Coordinator · Crew Alexander SeamanVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Alexandra RobertVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Allison KleinResearcher · Production Amy AltvaterVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Anders LanglandsVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Ando JohnsonSound Effects Designer · Sound Andrea KruppCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Andrea WertheimPost Production Supervisor · Crew Andrea WertheimAssociate Producer · Production Andreas Vincent WeberCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Andrew BurfordStunts · Crew Andrew Gwyn DaviesProduction Coordinator · Production Andrew JoslinCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Andrew PalmerArt Direction · Art Andy Chih-Jen ChangCompositing Supervisor · Visual Effects Andy KoyamaSound Re-Recording Mixer · Sound Andy StallabrassADR Mixer · Sound Andy WarehamStunts · Crew Anita DhillonGraphic Designer · Art Ann CartwrightCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Anna MudrakVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Anna StephensonStunts · Crew Annabel WoodStunts · Crew Anthony SkrimshireStunts · Crew Anuja DesaiVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Ashley BeckStunts · Crew Autumn SnyderIn Memory Of · Crew Barbra See Wai HoRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Barry LiuVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Belinda McGinleyStunts · Crew Belle WilliamsStunts · Crew Ben AffleckExecutive Producer · Production Ben AndersonAnimation Supervisor · Visual Effects Ben BigielModeling · Visual Effects Ben HowardSecond Assistant Director · Directing Ben WilkinsonProperty Master · Art Ben WrightStunts · Crew Benjamin MelnikerExecutive Producer · Production Bianca CirdeiVisual Effects Technical Director · Visual Effects Bill FingerCharacters · Writing Bjoern WortmannCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Bob HaneyThanks · Crew Bob KaneCharacters · Writing Bob KelloughSound Effects Designer · Sound Bonnie ParkerStunts · Crew Brad SokolAssistant Sound Editor · Sound Brad SokolFirst Assistant Sound Editor · Sound Bradley FarmerStunts · Crew Brett RobinsonSecond Assistant Director · Directing Brett SchlamanVFX Editor · Visual Effects Bryan HirotaVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Buddie WilkinsonProps · Art Camilo Duarte FrancoSenior Animator · Visual Effects Carlos CastillonAdditional Editor · Editing Carmine InfantinoThanks · Crew Casey GentonSound Effects Designer · Sound Catherine WilsonMusic Editor · Sound Cboy RamsayStunts · Crew Cedric Enriquez CanlasSenior Modeller · Visual Effects Charles RovenProducer · Production Charlie PawlettStunts · Crew Chris MulcasterCG Supervisor · Crew Chris TerrioStory · Writing Chris TerrioExecutive Producer · Production Christiaan BettridgeStunts · Crew Christian Ganea ReitmeierColorist · Editing Christian HubandSupervising Art Director · Art Christian ScheurerConcept Artist · Art Christina LowStunts · Crew Christof ReiseneggerAnimation · Visual Effects Christoph CordellStunts · Crew Christopher NolanExecutive Producer · Production Chuck FinchGaffer · Lighting Chuck MichaelSound Designer · Sound Chuck MichaelSound Supervisor · Sound Clay EnosStill Photographer · Camera Clay StaubAerial Coordinator · Crew Clement YipAnimation Supervisor · Visual Effects Constantin von ZitzewitzCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Curt KanemotoExecutive Producer · Production Curt SwanThanks · Crew Curtis CarlsonCompositing Supervisor · Visual Effects Curtis CoronaVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Dacio CaballeroStunts · Crew Damon CaroSecond Unit Director · Directing Damon CaroStunt Coordinator · Crew Dan HirstStunts · Crew Dan JonesGaffer · Lighting Daniel AbbottBest Boy Grip · Camera Daniel CrudenCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Daniel HartleyStunts · Crew Daniel LupienCG Supervisor · Crew Daniel RawlinsStunts · Crew Daniel ThomsonRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Danny EustonStunts · Crew David AndersStunts · Crew David B. NowellAerial Director of Photography · Camera David BrennerEditor · Editing David DenleyCG Supervisor · Crew David FisherStunts · Crew David GarrickStunts · Crew David ParisAerial Coordinator · Crew David Wallace AllenVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects David WerntzSound Effects Designer · Sound Deborah SnyderProducer · Production Dee HarropStunts · Crew Dharmik MehtaRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Dimitri AndereggVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Disha ParekhVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Disha PatelVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Dody DornAdditional Editor · Editing Dominic CaponSet Decoration · Art Dominique CheungSecond Assistant "B" Camera · Camera Dziewanna PicazoVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Edward TrybekOrchestrator · Sound Ekaterina AbramovaStunts · Crew Elliot HawkesStunts · Crew Emanuele PescatoriCreature Technical Director · Visual Effects Emil RosenbergerVFX Editor · Visual Effects Emma BrackenburyCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Emma CronlyMusician · Sound Emma ThomasExecutive Producer · Production Eric AndrusyszynDigital Compositor · Visual Effects Erol IsmailStunts · Crew Estívaliz ZaragozaVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Ethan Van SciverThanks · Crew Eunice HuthartStunt Coordinator · Crew Evan FraserMatchmove Supervisor · Visual Effects Evangelos GrecosStunts · Crew Fabio SantosStunts · Crew Frank MillerThanks · Crew Freddie MasonStunts · Crew Freddy BoucieguesFight Choreographer · Crew Gabor KerekesMakeup & Hair · Costume & Make-Up Gabriela GomezScript Supervisor · Directing Gail SimoneThanks · Crew Gardner FoxCharacters · Writing Gary A. HeckerFoley Artist · Sound Gary KaneStunts · Crew Geoff JohnsThanks · Crew George KirbyStunts · Crew George PérezThanks · Crew George PérezCharacters · Writing Georgina ArmstrongStunts · Crew Giuseppe TagliaviniCompositing Supervisor · Visual Effects Glenn EnnisStunts · Crew Grace B. WoodwardProduction Coordinator · Production Grace FranzlStunts · Crew Grant MorrisonThanks · Crew Greg RuckaThanks · Crew Gregor WilsonCo-Producer · Production Gregor WilsonUnit Production Manager · Production Guiomar AlonsoStunts · Crew Harry LampertThanks · Crew Hasit SavaniStunts · Crew Hayley Easton StreetArt Direction · Art Heidi DicksonStunts · Crew Helen BeasleyCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Helen JarvisSupervising Art Director · Art Helen XenopoulosArt Direction · Art Howard PorterThanks · Crew Howard PurcellThanks · Crew Ian KayStunts · Crew Ian PeadStunts · Crew Ian VicknairMatte Painter · Visual Effects Ingrid KleinigStunts · Crew Ioan BoieriuCG Supervisor · Crew Jack JagodkaStunts · Crew Jack KirbyCharacters · Writing Jack McClellandVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Jack MillerThanks · Crew Jaeil SeoMatte Painter · Visual Effects Jake EfthymiouSystems Administrators & Support · Crew James HarrisStunts · Crew James O'DalyStunts · Crew James RobinsonThanks · Crew James SlatteryColorist · Editing James Van Der ReydenMotion Capture Artist · Crew Jamie GouldingStunts · Crew Jamie PhillipsFirst Assistant "B" Camera · Camera Jan HolíčekStunts · Crew Jared PurringtonStoryboard Artist · Art Jarrod AndersonCreature Technical Director · Visual Effects Jason OliverADR Mixer · Sound Jean-Philippe GossartSecond Unit Director of Photography · Camera Jean-Yves TeilletSenior Generalist · Visual Effects Jeanette BenzieCasting Associate · Production Jerome McCannSound Mixer · Sound Jerry SiegelCharacters · Writing Jessica HassallCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Jessica HookerStunts · Crew Jiayin WangVisual Effects Technical Director · Visual Effects Jim LeeThanks · Crew Jim RoweExecutive Producer · Production Jim RoweUnit Production Manager · Production Jo MershStunts · Crew Joanna BennettStunts · Crew Jody FelzCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Joe CertaThanks · Crew Joe KennardStunts · Crew Joe SamachsonThanks · Crew Joe ShusterCharacters · Writing Joe StatonThanks · Crew Joel Delle-VerginCompositing Lead · Visual Effects Joey AmronFirst Assistant Editor · Editing John 'D.J.' Des JardinVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects John BroomeThanks · Crew John ByrneThanks · Crew John CasaliProduction Sound Mixer · Sound John Clothier"A" Camera Operator · Camera John GambleOther · Camera John RinghoffTextile Artist · Art Jolie StanfordStunts · Crew Jon BalcomeVFX Lighting Artist · Visual Effects Jon BogdanoveThanks · Crew Jonathan BeardOrchestrator · Sound Jonathan D. MartinVFX Editor · Visual Effects Jonny JamesStunts · Crew Jonny StockwellStunts · Crew Jools FaiersGraphic Designer · Art Josh R. JaggarsVisual Effects Producer · Visual Effects Julian PayneRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Juliet ReeveStunts · Crew Julius LechnerVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Justin A. WilliamsStunts · Crew Justin LeeSystems Administrators & Support · Crew Kanad NandiKey Animation · Visual Effects Karen SmithsonStunts · Crew Karen TeohStunts · Crew Kate RingsellCasting · Production Kathy HeaserGraphic Designer · Art Kay HoddyRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Keesu ParkVFX Lighting Artist · Visual Effects Keith PainArt Direction · Art Kelly DentStunts · Crew Ken CrouchCostume Supervisor · Costume & Make-Up Kevin Andrew SmithVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Kevin KohriLead Animator · Visual Effects Kevin LabanowichSenior Animator · Visual Effects Khizer Diwan3D Modeller · Visual Effects Kierron QuestStunts · Crew Kim McGarrityStunts · Crew Kimi WebberScript Supervisor · Directing Kirsty SquibbProduction Secretary · Production Kristen DrewskiVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Kristy CarlsonCasting · Production Laura SwiftStunts · Crew Lauren HadawaySupervising ADR Editor · Sound Lauren HadawaySupervising Dialogue Editor · Sound Lauren OkadigboStunts · Crew Laurent PlancelStunts · Crew Lee GrenTattoo Designer · Costume & Make-Up Lei ZhangVFX Editor · Visual Effects Len WeinThanks · Crew Leoš StránskýStunts · Crew Lewis YoungStunts · Crew Liana JacksonVFX Editor · Visual Effects Lindsey EllisFirst Assistant Accountant · Production Lora KennedyCasting · Production Louis MorissetAnimation · Visual Effects Louise SimonsonThanks · Crew Lucian BoicuCompositing Supervisor · Visual Effects Madison AinleyAssociate Producer · Production Madison WeireterAssociate Producer · Production Mae CaupitVFX Lighting Artist · Visual Effects Manuel BruderCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Marc MailleyStunt Coordinator · Crew Marc WolffPilot · Crew Marc-Antoine LamyVisual Effects Production Assistant · Visual Effects Mareike JanikCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Margit PfeifferDialogue Editor · Sound Maria HippolyteStunts · Crew Marianne JenkinsUnit Production Manager · Production Marianne JenkinsCo-Producer · Production Marion JardinVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Mark ArcherStunts · Crew Mark DeSimoneADR Mixer · Sound Mark HoltSpecial Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Mark SouthworthStunts · Crew Martin PembertonStunts · Crew Martin WildeStunts · Crew Marv WolfmanCharacters · Writing Marv WolfmanThanks · Crew Marvin CampbellStunts · Crew Mathew PraveenCG Supervisor · Crew Matt Da SilvaStunts · Crew Matt FitzgeraldSenior Modeller · Visual Effects Matt MagnoliaVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Matt SherrenStunts · Crew Matt WindonFirst Assistant "A" Camera · Camera Matthew BullockModelling Supervisor · Visual Effects Matthew ClarkeProduction Supervisor · Production Matthew GrayArt Direction · Art Matthew HarrisonFoley Editor · Sound Matthew RugettiFight Choreographer · Crew Maurice LeeStunts · Crew Maxine WhittakerStunts · Crew Mens-Sana TamakloeStunts · Crew Michael GillespieProduction Secretary · Production Michael HertleinDialogue Editor · Sound Michael J. BroombergFoley Artist · Sound Michael J. CravenStunts · Crew Michael K. BauerMusic Editor · Sound Michael KellerSound Re-Recording Mixer · Sound Michael UslanExecutive Producer · Production Michael WilkinsonCostume Design · Costume & Make-Up Michaela SalamounovaStunts · Crew Michaela SalasovaStunts · Crew Michelle PazerADR Editor · Sound Mike JusticeStunts · Crew Mike SoppitVFX Editor · Visual Effects Mike StillwellVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Mikhail MamedovCreature Technical Director · Visual Effects Misha BukowskiFirst Assistant Director · Directing Mo StemenProduction Coordinator · Production Moe SasegbonStunts · Crew Mort WeisingerThanks · Crew Mort WeisingerCharacters · Writing Neil ChapelhowStunts · Crew Nellie BurroughesStunts · Crew Nicholas DainesStunts · Crew Nick ChoppingStunts · Crew Nick McKinlessStunts · Crew Nicola ScottThanks · Crew Nikhil DeshmukhSenior Animator · Visual Effects Nina ArmstrongStunts · Crew Oliver GoughStunts · Crew Olivia SleeStunts · Crew Oscar Lacson Jr.Visual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Patrick TatopoulosProduction Design · Art Paul BiddissMilitary Consultant · Crew Paul DarnellStunts · Crew Paul LaugierArt Direction · Art Paul NorrisThanks · Crew Paul NorrisCharacters · Writing Perry GoyenKey Costumer · Costume & Make-Up Pete FordStunts · Crew Peter JamesArt Direction · Art Phil BarrieSound Effects Designer · Sound Phoebe Robinson-GalvinStunts · Crew Queenie LawVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Rachael EvelynStunts · Crew Ramon ÁlvarezStunts · Crew Randy K. SingerFoley Mixer · Sound Reg WaymentStunts · Crew Rémi ProuzatCG Artist · Visual Effects Richard CetroneStunts · Crew Richard EwanLead Painter · Art Richard RomeroVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Richard WheeldonStunts · Crew Rob CooperStunts · Crew Robbie KeaneStunts · Crew Robert HladikStunts · Crew Robert KanigherThanks · Crew Robert McKinnonConcept Artist · Art Robin WilliamsVisual Effects Production Manager · Visual Effects Rodrigo DorschCompositing Supervisor · Visual Effects Rodrigue El HajjVisual Effects Technical Director · Visual Effects Roy SeegerFirst Assistant Sound Editor · Sound Rubie PlansonStunts · Crew Russell BaloghStunts · Crew Ryan ColemanRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Ryan GodfreyStunts · Crew Sachin MathewSenior Animator · Visual Effects Sam LeakeArt Direction · Art Sam StefanStunts · Crew Samuel TremblayRotoscoping Artist · Visual Effects Sanyam BasranModeling · Visual Effects Sarah BrestCostume Mistress · Costume & Make-Up Sarah FranzlStunts · Crew Scott HeckerSound Supervisor · Sound Scott HeckerSound Designer · Sound Sean DsouzaVFX Lighting Artist · Visual Effects Sebastien FrancoeurVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Shamus BakerModeling · Visual Effects Shane CookCompositing Lead · Visual Effects Shane RobertsStunts · Crew Shaun FreemanSenior Animator · Visual Effects Shawn MartinbroughThanks · Crew Simeon DuncombeAnimation Supervisor · Visual Effects Simone CeresatoVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Sonny LouisStunts · Crew Sophie WorleyArt Department Coordinator · Art Stefan SonnenfeldSenior Colorist · Editing Stefan SonnenfeldDigital Intermediate Colorist · Editing Stephen TongCG Supervisor · Crew Steve EnglehartThanks · Crew Stewart JamesStunts · Crew Sue CaseyKey Costumer · Costume & Make-Up Sullivan RichardMatte Painter · Visual Effects Talila CraigStunts · Crew Tamara Watts KentVisual Effects Producer · Visual Effects Terry HeggartyStandby Painter · Art Theo MortonStunts · Crew Thomas BillingsStunts · Crew Thomas Dos Santos3D Generalist · Visual Effects Thomas J. O'ConnellADR Mixer · Sound Thomas ProctorVisual Effects Supervisor · Visual Effects Tilly PowellStunts · Crew Tim TretterCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Tobias DommerCompositing Artist · Visual Effects Tolga KenanStunts · Crew Tom HolkenborgOrchestrator · Sound Tom HolkenborgMusic Producer · Sound Tom HolkenborgMusic Programmer · Sound Tom RodgersStunts · Crew Tricia MulgrewVisual Effects Producer · Visual Effects Troy KenchingtonStunts · Crew Valdemaras DzengoVisual Effects Technical Director · Visual Effects Venice SmithStunts · Crew Vincent DésiletsSenior Animator · Visual Effects Viveene CampbellCostumer · Costume & Make-Up Vladislav AkhtyrskiyCompositing Lead · Visual Effects Warren PaeffAssociate Editor · Editing Wayne NembhardHairdresser · Costume & Make-Up Wesley CollerExecutive Producer · Production Will BeallStory · Writing Will MackayStunts · Crew William Moulton MarstonCharacters · Writing William RamsayStunts · Crew Wolfgang HaasAnimation · Visual Effects Yannick LorvoSenior Generalist · Visual Effects Yeri CasanovaVisual Effects Coordinator · Visual Effects Yoann SchmidVFX Lighting Artist · Visual Effects Yusuf ChaudhriStunts · Crew Yves RuprechtSenior Animator · Visual Effects Zack FoxVisual Effects Production Manager · Visual Effects Zack SnyderAdditional Photography · Camera Zack SnyderStory · Writing Zoé DenisScript Coordinator · Directing